Blue economy,blue finance and ocean governance for achieving sustainable development goals

This research paper is an attempt to define and analyse the concept of the blue economy (BE) and its implications for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study covers aspects such as building a blue economy to achieve SDGs, the importance of a healthy ocean for current and future generations, maintaining the momentum to save the ocean, achievements of the United Nations (UN) conference on the Sustainable Blue Economy, and the highlights of the UN World Water Development Report 2020. This study specifically analyses the health effects and threats to biodiversity, adaptation and mitigation, improved wastewater management, prioritizing water, accessing climate funds, water and climate change, and the relationship between the blue economy and UN SDGs as well as identification of key stakeholders. This is achieved through a detailed literature review on the blue economy that identifies global organizations working on creating a blue economy, elements of the blue economy and current development efforts, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, sustainability and equity, ocean governance, international law and frameworks, and improvement in governance frameworks among other issues. The methodology used attempted to develop a macro, comprehensive, and systematic aggregate database at the country level on macro parameters, namely blue economy, blue finance, BE-SDGs linkages, water development, marine sector, SDGs data on SDG-14 (life underwater), SDG-6 (access to safe drinking water and sanitation), SDG-3 (good health and well-being), and optimal management of water resources through scientific techniques, such as building several small reservoirs instead of mega projects, develop small catchment dams and protect wetlands, soil management, micro catchment development, recharging of underground aquifers thus reducing the need for large dams, which has encountered challenges due to data limitations. The results of this research study emphasize broader stakeholder consultations at the global level to resolve the issues relating to blue economy, blue finance, and ocean governance. The most important conclusion and policy implications of the study are that international organizations including the United Nations, the Asian Development Bank, and the World Bank are working towards achieving the SDGs in general, and the blue economy, blue finance, and ocean governance in particular.     

Visible light driven instantaneous photocatalytic degradation of aniline blue (AB) and methyl violet (MV) by strontium ferrite nanoparticles

Toxic organic dyes released into aquatic sources as a result of industrial activities pose a significant threat to the environment. The removal of such dyes from water sources is a challenging task in the context of environmental emergencies. In this present effort, the strontium ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation followed by a calcination method and is applied for photocatalytic degradation of such organic dyes. The ferrite nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, XRD, VSM, SEM-EDX, TEM, and HR-TEM studies. In the existence of H₂O₂ under visible light, the catalyst performs efficient degradation of aniline blue (AB) and methyl violet (MV) dyes in a remarkably short interval of time. The superparamagnetic performance of the catalyst was confirmed by VSM, and thus it can be easily recovered from the degraded dye by applying an external magnet. The Fenton mechanism justifies the elevated rate of photo degradation, which generates hydroxyl and perhydroxyl radicals in the progress of the reaction.     

异质性企业环境责任与碳绩效的关系研究：媒体关注和环境规制的联合调节效应

“双碳”愿景下微观企业层面的环境责任受到更多关注。本文运用Python获取2014—2019年中国A股上市工业企业数据,分析了异质性企业环境责任对碳绩效的影响,探讨了媒体关注和环境规制在其中的联合调节效应。研究表明：履行前瞻型环境责任和反应型环境责任均对企业碳绩效有显著的增进作用;媒体关注可以正向调节前瞻型企业环境责任和碳绩效的关系,但在反应型企业环境责任与碳绩效间的调节作用不显著。进一步研究发现：环境规制与媒体关注在反应型企业环境责任和碳绩效间产生正向联合调节作用,而在前瞻型环境责任与碳绩效间的联合调节作用不显著。研究结果支持了政府和媒体对企业环境责任的正式和非正式治理效果,进而提高了企业碳绩效的作用逻辑,拓展了对企业碳绩效影响因素以及异质性企业环境责任的理论研究,将环境治理他治和自治相结合,为多元环境治理主体协同联动推进“双碳”目标顺利实现提供新思路和参考证据。     

BDE-47在紫贻贝中的分布、蓄积、消除和毒性效应

以紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)为试验生物,研究了 2,2',4,4'-四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)在贻贝组织中的分布、生物蓄积和消除动态,并探究BDE-47对贻贝的毒性作用.结果发现:紫贻贝对BDE-47有较强的生物蓄积能力和一定的消除能力,且蓄积具有组织特异性和浓度依赖性,消化腺和鳃是B...     

Ag， Fe， Ce对ZnTi-LDO可见光催化性能的影响及作用机理

为了解金属及其氧化物对锌钛类水滑石衍生氧化物（ZnTi-LDO）可见光催化性能的影响，并获得在可见光下可快速降解染料的LDO光催化剂，制备了Ag、Fe、Ce修饰的复合材料（M-ZnTi-LDO,M=Ag,Ag₂O,Fe,Ce）.通过XRD、TEMHRTEM、XPS、BET、UV-Vis、PL对所合成材料的结构、形貌、表面化学状态、光学性质进行了表征，评价了上述材料在可见光下对亚甲基蓝（MB）的催化降解性能，通过自由基捕获实验确定了催化降解活性物种，提出了相关催化机理.结果表明，Fe、Ce金属氧化物及金属Ag抑制了材料的可见光催化性能，Ag₂O则显著提升了ZnTi-LDO的可见光催化性能.Ag₂O-ZnTi-LDO在20 min内即可使MB降解率>98%，其表观降解速率常数是ZnTi-LDO的7倍.此外，Ag₂O-ZnTi-LDO稳定性良好，循环5次无催化性能下降.·O₂^-是Ag₂O-ZnTi-LDO催化降解MB的主要活性物种.A...     

rGO@nZVI-BC修饰的PRB增强糖皮质激素还原转化性能研究

为制备环境功能材料rGO@nZVI-BC,以此材料构建可渗透反应墙(PRB)实现对地下水中含氟糖皮质激素(FGCs)的有效阻控.结果表明,阻控过程可用改进Yoon-Nelson模型描述,在rGO@nZVI-BC和土壤系统中吸附速率和生物降解速率常数分别为0.485和0.035d^-1、0.233和0.029d^-1.提升阻控效能的主要机理是强化吸附和生物降解功能.其中运行初期以吸附作用占主导,贡献比为76.12%左右.生物强化机制主要为nZVI为GCs还原提供了电子供体,从而增强了还原脱氟功能,该部分贡献比约为87.06%,并伴随着脱羟基、氧化侧链降解和开环等降解.此外具有还原性脱卤属的功能性微生物(Xanthomonadaceae,Desulfuromonas和Sphingomonadaceae)物种丰度的增加进一步索证了功能材料rGO@nZVI-BC的效能.本研究为地下水中GCs的污染阻控提供了一种有效的方法.     

电化学传感法测定水中亚硝酸盐

借助于简单可控的在线电聚合方法,溴酚蓝被修饰到玻碳电极表面,制备了聚溴酚蓝修饰玻碳电极。实验表明,聚溴酚蓝薄膜对于亚硝酸盐的电化学氧化具有很好的催化作用。经实验优化,聚溴酚蓝膜的最佳厚度为聚合20圈,最佳的检测底液为pH=4.0的0.01 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液。亚硝酸盐在传感器上的电化学氧化是一个双电子双质子参与的过程。在最佳检测条件下,亚硝酸盐的氧化峰电流与其浓度在0.02~109.1μmol/L范围内有良好的线性关系,检测限低至5 nmol/L(S/N=3),所制备的亚硝酸盐传感器线性范围宽、检出限低、稳定性和重现性好、抗干扰能力强,将传感器应用于东湖水样中亚硝酸盐含量的测定,结果令人满意。